Washing machine



24, 1931- c. G. T. SALENIUS 1,333,437

WASHING MACHINE Filed Oct. 14, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet l my 7 J M whm yfl. o fl M Z a NOV. 24, 1931. c SALENlUs 1,833,437

WASHING MACHINE Filed Oct. 14, 1927 I 5 Shets-Sheet 2 Nov 24,- 9 c. G. T. SALENIUS WASHING MACHINE Filed Oct. 14, 1927 s Sheets- Sheet s Patented Nov. 24, 1931 CARL GUSTAV TEOR'BJ'GBN SALENIUS, OI GOTTENIBORG, SWEDEN WASHING MACHINE Application filed October 14, 1927, Serial No. 226,216, and in Germany October 21, 1926.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for washing clothes of the type having a spherical washing drum adapted to rotate around a horizontal axis and having no outer jacket.

All known machines for washing clothes have the disadvantage, that, when they are operated by hand, their operation fatigues the operator in a comparatively short time.

When the machine is driven by a motor, its

construction is so complicated, that the initial cost and the cost of the operation are exorbitant for a normal household. Furthermore, many of the washing machines on the market are difficult to clean, so that the soap and dirt particles remaining in the corners of the drum dry and become solid and are dissolved only with the next wash and adhere to the clothes as dirt flocks.

Another drawback of the known washing machines having a closed washing drum resides in the fact, that a pressure above atmospheric is generated in the drum, due to the heat of the supplied hot water becoming free when the drum is agitated, and heating the air above the washing water, which air expands and produces a pressure above atmospheric. This drawback is still increased when the drum is heated during operation,

for example, by electricity. Furthermore, the said pressure above atmospheric is also produced when carbonic acid is generated in the drum by the use of one of the known washing powders. This pressure requires that the drum cover be fastened to the drum in a tight and reliable manner. When the machine is not fitted with a reliable fastener for the drum cover a fastener may break off, releasing the cover which is blown away, and thereby permitting the soapy water to escape.

Now the invention has for its object to eliminate these drawbacks and to so simplify the construction of washing machines of the character stated, that the first costs of the machine as well as those for its maintainance and attendance are so low, that the machine may be used also in small households.

In order that the invention can be more easily understood, some preferred embodiments of the same are illustrated in the drawings which accompany and form part of this specification. In all these embodiments the Washing drum has a spherical shape, as this shape has no corners. A drum of this shape is the easiest to manufacture and to mount on the machine frame.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a washing machine embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the machine shown in Fig. 1, with part of the caging broken away.

Fig. 3 shows a washing machine mg my invention with a modified driving means.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of part of drum body and lid of a washing machine, showing a. modified form of connection between the Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of one of the trunnions of the drum and a modificaembodytion of the pressure equalizer shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a view on a larger scale of the pressure equalizer which is shown in Fig. 1.

Coming now to av description of my invention, a drum 10 is mounted for rotation on a horizontal ring 12 of profile iron by means of trunnions 11. The ring 12 rests on feet 13 which are interconnected by bracing bars 14. An electric motor 15 is mounted on one of these bars 14: and is completely enclosed in a housing along with a suitable transmission gear. The latter has a rope pulley 16 for a driving cord 17. In contra- 8 distinction to some washing machines the drum itself serves as the driving pulley. To prevent the cord gliding off from the pulley 16, the drum 10 is provided with a ring 18 that guides the cord 17 The cover 19 of the drum has the shape of a spherical segment and is preferably provided with an outer stiffening frame 20. By means of bolts 21 pivoted on the cover 19 may be tightened thereon through the intermediary of a packing ring 23.

To cause the clothes to be continually agitated and lifted in the drum and to glide 100 form of i a ring 22 fixed on the drum 10, i

down from their highest position,- weh like drivers 24 may be'providedin the drum.

When the drum," is filled: with the clothes to be cleaned and with the'washing liquid the drum. and tightened. Then the motor 15 1 is started which rotates the}was'hing"drumat in the interior of the drum, except the two drivers 24, and, consequently, the cleaning is executed more carefully than with the known washing machines. a I

Instead of being-driven from the motor 15 by means of the cord 17, the drum may also be rotated by means of toothed or fric- .tion gears 27, 26, as shown in Fig. 3. In this case the larger wheel 26 is arranged on the drum 10in the 'form of-a-friction ring, while 7 a second disk 27 is-connected to the transmisscrews, vand wingifiuts 31",ESSshOWnJinEig, .3'

basket 38 is y in the neighbourhood sion gear of the motor-115.; To permanently and uniformlyhold in'yen'gagem'ent said two disks, theelectric; motor15 is.rockably -mounted by means ;of 'i. ftrunnions 29, in a bracket 28 mounted on the fr'ame' bar 14, and

is so under the action' of'aispringfidthat-the' disk 27 is permanently" pressed against the the drum i's. driven by a cord 1 1-7, the mot r lfiefgcourse may be rockably mounted in the conventional manner, so asjto disk 26. 'When tighfbn the cord 1117;, J

insteadofthe described na rals-cre m do point of cl os'ure,th e' cover ,l-9jmay be stiffened I y p vi in f-i i c'u'la'redge '32,.as" illustratedin F-ig', t, and the edge 33 voft-lie aper ureof the drum ma be designed ina 'similarn1anner, "that the. ,twoau-sh'aped edges engage each fother. A pa g r g-.34: may-* e n rims 'uishapedyp e's i connection. between ooTveranil dr securedby hooks and shackles 35'. In order to jprevent',-zwhenfthe drumis ,ro-

tating,'the

the rotating drum,

7 both of them, This and washing powder, the cover 19 is put on case-is also cap 40-.

clothes which may happen to be of the machine or the dress 'of the operator from caught by r in particular, by the latvalves cannot be use'd, a passage39, see Fig.

5, is provided 'in on'eof the'trunnions'll or in pas'sageis preferably formed by a small pipehaving projecting ends 39 and 39", as shown,to prevent the Washing liquid trickling down on the inside drum wall from entering the pipe 39 and to permit the liquid which enters the pipe to drop off easily on the outside. Asjthe clothes may be easily caught by the inner projecting pipe end 39*, this end is preferably covered with a perforated protective cap 40, I n thls way the pressure can always escape uniform- 1y through the passage, sothat a substantially atmospheric pressure is maintained in the.

drum and special precaution measures are superfluous as to the tightening of cover 19 and the closure means. 1

When the small liquid quantities that escape through pipe 39 are to be collected, a spout 41 maybe arran ed. onth'e ring 12 of themachine frame an a small'bucket 42 or the like may be ,hung' on the spout. The pressure control passageinay be of the form shown in Figs. 1' and 6. In'this case the-small tube 39'is bent to a Z-shape and is so fixed on the drum wall, that its innerend 39 projects radially, while its outer end 39* passes; through the drum-Wall and opens onthe outside thereof. The inner in this' What-Igclaiin ters Patent, isry 3 'In' ama hine of the class described, a frame,

' aspherical' washing-drummounted for rota- 1; tion' around a horizontal axis on .said frame, -away with the massive rings-'20 a d 22st the and desire secure byLetcovered by a perforatedprotective a,"motor, anannular. flange onsaid drum ar ranged in-a plane at right yangles'tothe vrotating axi or. said drum and between the greatest circumference of the drum one of the drIIfms trunnions, 'anda "belt engaging said -.flange said drum'and adapts on by said-motor.

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ters protruding closure means, andith'e "operator himself from being hurt, a protective cap may be put on the drum. This cap'is advantavails in the drum is eliminated in the following manner As it is impossible to provide an opening. 1n the drum wall, through which to'be'drivnitestimonywhereofthe foregoing specifi' cationiSY igH d- 

